Motivational Impairment in Schizophrenia

Persuasive Impairment in Schizophrenia Envisioning PLEASURE AND EFFORT IN SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 Do People With Schizophrenia Have Difficulty Anticipating Pleasure, Engaging in Effortful Behavior, or Both? David E. Gard, Amy H. Sanchez, Kathryn Cooper, Melissa Fisher, Coleman Garrett, and Sophia Vinogradov Reference Gard, D. E., Sanchez, A. H., Cooper, K., Fisher, M., Garrett, C., Vinogradov, S. (2014, August 18). Do People With Schizophrenia Have Difficulty Anticipating Pleasure, Engaging in Effortful Behavior, or Both?. Diary of Abnormal Psychology. Advance online distribution. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/abn0000005 Presentation The principle reason for this examination was to research the impacts of â€Å"motivational impairment† on the objective coordinated conduct of people determined to have schizophrenia. This was cultivated by estimating the degrees of joy (prize) and effortfulness in the exercises and future objectives of the subjects. These two variables were chosen to be estimated because of the way that they are two of the part procedures of inspiration which has been demonstrated by past exploration to be influenced by schizophrenia. Examination has discovered irregularities in the appraisal of delight and award in schizophrenia patients. For example, while Anhedonia has been as often as possible answered to be related with schizophrenia (Herbener Harrow, 2002; see Gard et al., 2014), patients don't report a reduction in joy or positive upgrades (Cohen Minor, 2010; see Gard et al., 2014). These irregularities have been disclosed to be the consequence of obvious differentiations between the diverse worldly parts related with explicit sorts of remuneration and delight. Schultz (2002) and Wise (2002) (as refered to in Gard et al., 2014) have demonstrated that there is a physiological contrast in how expectant joy and consummatory (at the time) delight are prepared in the mind. While consummatory joy includes serotonergic and narcotic frameworks, expectant joy includes dopaminergic and mesolimbic projections (Schultz, 2002; Wise, 2002; see Gard et al., 2014). In another examination led utilizing an Ecological Momenta ry Assessment (EMA), members with schizophrenia demonstrated comparative degrees of consummatory joy, yet drained degrees of expectant joy (Gard et al., 2007; see Gard et al., 2014). Thus, delight was chosen to be a reliant variable (DV) in this examination. People determined to have schizophrenia have announced trouble in envisioning rewards (Buck Lysar, 2013; Gard et al., 2007; see Gard et al., 2014) just as in preparing rewards (Strauss, Waltz Gold 2008; see Gard et al., 2014). The connection among remuneration and inspiration has been built up through the examination led by Juckel et al. (2006) (as refered to in Gard et al., 2014) which demonstrated diminished ventral striatal enactment during remuneration preparing from people determined to have schizophrenia; diminished ventral striatal actuation has been related with anhedonia (Juckel et al., 2006; see Gard et al., 2014). This additionally relates award to expectant delight. Exploration has shown that patients with high negative indications of schizophrenia experience issues surveying the exertion required to achieve an undertaking which would give a high prize (Gold et al., 2013; see Gard et al., 2014). Besides, notwithstanding challenges evaluating the exertion in question, patients likewise seemed to experience issues investing the exertion required to do a specific errand. Corresponding to compensate, Fervaha, Graff-Guerrero, et al. (2013) (as refered to in Gard et al., 2014) indicated that patients of schizophrenia possibly had issues when it went to the appraisal of the exertion required to accomplish a prize, and not while determining the estimation of a prize. (Fervaha, Graff-Guerrero, et al. 2013; see Gard et al., 2014) Considering the previously mentioned discoveries in past writing, the specialists thought of three suspicions, and the subsequent exploration addresses reflected them. The suspicions were that people determined to have schizophrenia would have: A shortfall in expectant delight Trouble in envisioning and handling rewards Trouble evaluating and exhausting the essential exertion required to achieve an assignment Utilizing these presumptions, the scientists of the current investigation concocted 5 exploration questions. The accompanying has been taken from Gard et al. (2014) Contrasted and a socio-demographically coordinated gathering of solid members, do members with schizophrenia show less day by day exercises and objectives, diminished expectant delight for their up and coming objectives, diminished joy based objectives, however flawless in-the-second joy? (Speculation) Do members with schizophrenia seek after objectives and exercises that are less effortful than solid correlation members, and do they experience issues evaluating the exertion of a forthcoming objective? (Theory) Do individuals with schizophrenia experience issues finishing their objectives, and is this identified with expectation or experience of delight, or to how effortful the objective is? (Speculation) In individuals with schizophrenia, what is the relationship of expectant joy and exertion effort or appraisal to: psychological brokenness, indications, and working? (Elective Hypothesis) How much could gather contrasts found in Questions 1†4 be clarified by some other non-symptomatic gathering contrasts? (Elective Hypothesis) Members The choice of members contrasted between the exploratory and control gathering. The subjects for the benchmark group were chosen through postings on the Internet and the appropriation of flyers in the San Francisco Bay Area. At first, forty-three people consented to partake and marked the educated assent structures. Anyway two of them dropped out; one, seeing the investigation as an over the top weight, dropped out on the primary day, and the other neglected to react to even 33% of the calls. The subjects for the exploratory gathering were chosen from outpatient facilities and day treatment focuses in the Bay Area. Fifty patients of schizophrenia at first marked the educated assent shapes however three chose to drop out; two dropped out even before the analysis began refering to that it was excessively meddling, and the other dropped out after two approaches the main day. All things considered, the aftereffects of the investigation were defined dependent on the outcomes from forty-on e subjects without schizophrenia and forty-seven subjects with either schizophrenia (n=31) and schizoaffective confusion (n=16). Judgments for the conditions were affirmed for all members utilizing the DSM-IV-TR. Exacting prohibition models for the entire example, and particularly for the patient gathering, were set up and executed. People who had horrible head wounds which prompts episodes of obviousness, had substance misuse issues over the most recent a half year, mental clutters, or unskilled in English were totally barred. Patients who had been hospitalized over the most recent three months or had their drug or measurements changed in the most recent month were likewise prohibited from the examination. The two gatherings were prevalently white guys and had generally no segment contrasts between bunches with the exception of the side effects for the turmoil and business rates. Just 17 percent of the people in the patient gatherings were utilized full time or low maintenance (4% and 13% individually), contrasted with the 68 percent of full time and low maintenance representatives (24% and 44% separately) in the benchmark group. The experimenters accounted for this disparity during the outc omes stage. Strategy Four distinct sorts of evaluations were utilized during this investigation, in spite of the fact that the EMA remained the essential type of appraisal of delight and exertion. The Ecological Momentary Assessment is commonly utilized in circumstances where explicit exercises and objectives of the members in an examination should be explained. This investigation used an adjusted rendition of the EMA where mobile phone calls were utilized rather than the conventional self-report structures, which were filled at specific time frames; PDAs were given to each member independent of who does or doesn’t own a wireless. Prepared exploration partners considered every member multiple times each day, somewhere in the range of 0900hrs and 2100hrs, for seven days to direct a â€Å"semi-structured† meet. A lion's share of the inquiries were open finished and members were urged to give nitty gritty depictions of their day by day exercises and objectives. A few inquiries posed to them ho w much joy/exertion was related with a specific undertaking; their reactions were evaluated on a Likert Scale (0 = not in the slightest degree; 5 = incredibly). The appropriate responses were classified dependent on the examination questions. Four free raters at that point scored the pleasurability, effortfulness, trouble, and etc†¦ of the considerable number of objectives and exercises announced by the members on a 0-3 Likert Scale. A subset of members with no segment contrasts from the first example was likewise tried to decide the trouble of the assignments they endeavored; additionally estimated on a 0-5 Likert Scale. After the fruition of the seven day stretch of EMA, two autonomous examination associates went to the homes of the members so as to decide the degrees of incitement and prize gave by nature. A few subjects from the patient and control gathering (seven and nine separately) chose to quit from this phase of appraisal refering to various reasons. The degrees of incitement and prize were estimated as far as three components; style of the home, accessibility of media, and social incitement. These were estimated utilizing a mix of a changed rendition of the Environmental Assessment Scale (EASy) and the Home Observation for the Measurement of the Environment (HOME). Scores from every one of the three components just as individual scores were arrived at the midpoint of; the outcomes had high between rater unwavering quality. Two extra appraisals were led on

Color Coded: A Cultural Critique of the Role of Color in African Ameri

As a race of individuals that have a broad history of being subjugated and persecuted for a few ages, African Americans have increased a horde of curved philosophies that have been passed down for ages. One that is characteristic for general attitude of the network is the conviction that fair looking African Americans are better than their darker looking partners. Moreover, this philosophy has additionally influenced the guidelines of excellence inside the race and has modified the mental self portrait, desires, and in general mind of the dark lady. This paper will clarify how the base conviction, that fair looking African Americans are notably better than darker looking African Americans, is the result of endless generations’ worth of desolate history that has figured out how to proceed into the 21st century. This subject is of specific to this specialist due to how it has figured out how to profoundly influence a whole race of individuals to the point that their perspective on themselves has been slanted by occasions experienced by their past ages. It is additionally of intrigue since it gives understanding into why some dark people have experienced certain pessimistic or particular treatment for the duration of their lives because of the shade of their substance. This theme is of incredible extent since it will permit numerous individuals of the race to understand that their mental self portraits and belief systems are tremendously misshaped. â€Å"The Role of Skin Color and Features operating at a profit Community† by Angela Neal and Midge Wilson is a bit of work that not just clarifies how shading and physical highlights assume a job in Black America yet additionally gives a recorded record of how shades of skin turned out to be such a significant factor. The article digs into a beforehand unknown area by likewise breaking down how the Black lady is e... ... Works Cited Baruti, Mwalimu K. . The Slavers. Kebuka! Recalling the center section through the eyes of our progenitors. Kearney: Morris Publishing, 2005. 23-61. Print. Braude, Marjorie. Dark Women and the Politics of Skin Color and Hair. Women, force and treatment: issues for ladies : [papers introduced at organizations held during yearly gatherings of the American Orthopsychiatric Assoc. in 1983 and 1984. New York u.a.: Haworth Pr., 1988. 89-100. Print.. Morrison, Toni. The Bluest Eye. New York: Plume Book, 1979. Print. Neal, Angela M. , and Midge L. Wilson. The job of skin shading and highlights operating at a profit network: Implications for dark ladies and treatment. Clinical Psychology Review 9.3 (1989): 323-333. Depaul. Web. 28 Mar. 2011. Parrish, C. (1944). The centrality of shading in the Negro people group. Unpublished doctoral exposition, University of Chicago

User Manual Critique

I utilized the accompanying models to scrutinize this manual, crowd acknowledgment, parts of directions, security guidelines, instructional advances and anally illustrations and recordings. The principal standards I utilized is crowd acknowledgment. This manual is composed for scene experts who have some experience utilizing this kind of hardware previously. The wording that is utilized all through the manual proposes that the client comprehends what the general activity of the machine is for.This is a smart thought in such a case that the machine Is not utilized appropriately it could can possibly be hazardous, causing injury or even demise. This Is additionally an issue in such a case that somebody is curious about with the machine and endeavors to utilize It the manual could confound them, and they may to gather the machine effectively, and not follow all the wellbeing admonitions that are In the manual. This could likewise be a risky circumstance since the synthetic concoctions t hat are utilized related to the machine could be hazardous.The second measures I picked is the parts and directions of the manual. The main page shows a general diagram of the sprayer with pictures of explicit pieces of the machine. One issue with the principle page is that it said that there was an inquiry alternative however I never found that choice in any piece of the manual. The presentation page gives a concise diagram of the manual and calls attention to potential perils related with the machine and recognizes signal words all through the manual, for example, threat, notice, alert and significant and their setting in the manual.It Is spread out with a chapter by chapter guide and every header in the table has sub-headings that are all hyperlinked to the right page of the manual and route Is genuinely simple all through the segments. The chapter by chapter guide Is additionally introduced In a sensible request, beginning with the presentation entirely through setting up and wo rking the machine, lastly finishing with guarantee and contact data. The third measures I picked is wellbeing directions. This bit of apparatus manages the showering of synthetics and accordingly if not utilized appropriately can make hurt the client or individuals around the area.The wellbeing segment of the manual goes over all the safeguards that should be followed when managing synthetic substances, for example, wearing the correct security gear when utilizing the machine. Each sub-area has plainly spread out the means required to get ready, use, and keep up the sprayer in a protected way. One thing I saw Is there are no connections to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) site which could have considerably progressively definite wellbeing Information for the utilization of synthetic substances. The fourth rules I picked was Instructional steps.The manual has point by point directions on the best way to arrangement the sprayer for use. It experiences bit by bi t and sprayer. Each segment has composed directions just as pictures and recordings on the establishment and utilization of the sprayer. It experiences firing up the sprayer and how to drive it, and closing it down. It is an extremely muddled machine to utilize, and the author worked superbly of attempting to educate the client on the most proficient method to utilize it. There are some minor issues I saw with the directions however.The manual can be over-confused some of the time and may lose the peruser. The is an abundance of data and could have been consolidated down and joined into littler gatherings of data. Without a working inquiry work, the peruser needs to experience different regions to discover what they are searching for. The last standards I picked is the manuals joining of designs and recordings. The Ritter worked superbly of having photographs of each piece of the machine that was being portrayed in that area, and furthermore incorporates a decent measure of recordin gs as well.The thumbnails can be tapped on and a bigger picture comes up, however they are still a little on the littler side so it tends to be troublesome on certain photos to see all the segments being depicted. There are representations that when tapped on, show a demo of what the undertaking is, which can be useful to the client. The recordings are helpful for portraying what should be done, and the storyteller talks in a reasonable tone that is anything but difficult to understand.The principle issue with the recordings anyway is they are not high caliber so when they are made full screen the picture isn't clear and can be hard to follow. On the off chance that they had utilized higher goals video they would have been significantly more accommodating. In general the author worked admirably while making this manual and the client ought not have numerous issues tailing it, as long as they know about the hardware in any case. A fledgling client will require more assistance utilizi ng the machine then the manual gives, however when purchasing such a machine, they ought to be capable with utilizing this sort of sprayer.

Character Study of Andy For th essays

Character Study of Andy For th articles Andy was an incredible case of change. He truly had objectives and kept to them for a considerable length of time. He was a hard-decided individual to accomplish opportunity. He was carrying on with an extraordinary life as an investor, and realized his calling great. He had everything going for him, with the exception of his genuine affection. He had speculated his darling was undermining him, and one day he got her in the demonstration. He went to become inebriated and afterward returned with a weapon. Terrible contemplations came into his psyche. He didnt finish this demonstration, yet another person did. The circumstance demonstrated that he had done it as a result of the liquor bottle with his fingerprints, he had a similar sort of firearm that coordinated the projectiles utilized, and that it was where he would be irate. The courts saw him as liable and gave him a lifelong incarceration. In the wake of being sent to prison and being honest, he initially started to acknowledge t hat he was in prison, and that there was no real way to transform it. Subsequent to getting the stone pick and thumping the stone off the divider when he was attempting to cut his name, he understood that getting out was a chance. This scene was where he had a significant traverse. At that point, he set out to pick up his legitimately earned opportunity. He polished off his traverse when he understood with when he was perched by the divider in the patio with Red. He stated, You need to get going living, or get going biting the dust. This scene made us imagine that he was going to hang himself, yet rather he picked the street to living. I accept that Andy had some major new reactions to life and himself. In the event that he was never indicted, he would not of realized what he had realized. He found that it is a brutal world out there and he had it great. He had changed how he saw the world and individuals around him. He discovered how to set genuine objectives, and stay aware of the m for a considerable length of time and years. In reality as an investor, he undoubtedly had everything given for him all the cash he made. In jail, he needed to figure out how to get things... <!

Occupational Health Management in Hospitality Industry

Question: Talk about the Occupational Health Management in Hospitality Industry. Answer: Presentation: The word related wellbeing and security alludes to the multidisciplinary ground that is worried about wellbeing, wellbeing and the government assistance of individuals in working environment. This causes the representatives to decrease the mishaps, wounds and clinical ailment in the work environment (Hammer, Truxillo, Bodner, Rineer, Pytlovany, Richman, 2015). Wellbeing and security projects can be organized to decrease the issues with respect to wellbeing and wellbeing in the working environment of cordiality the executives. This may incorporate the controlling of dangers and improvement of wellbeing plan, review of working environment, preparing of the representatives, examination of the occurrences. The primary point of the task is to make individuals mindful about the wellbeing and security in the work environment. This paper gives away from of developing word related wellbeing security issues for the laborers of cordiality industry. The paper centers around the indication of wellbeing dangers and their avoidance. The paper talks about the authoritative necessities of word related wellbeing and security and the standard business practice. As indicated by Ariza-Montes, Arjona-Fuentes, Law, and Han (2017), there are different dangers that are found in the working environment and a huge number of laborers pass on every year. In neighborliness industry, overexertion is normal for the laborers to move apparatuses and furniture. This can be forestalled by the twisting the knees and adjusting the body. The workers need to know the smooth and progressive movements. Moatari-Kazerouni, Chinniah, and Agard (2015) referenced that another wellbeing and security issue in the cordiality business is the consuming. Around 14 % of mishaps are occurred because of spill or sprinkle of hot surface or hot fluids. Unguarded hardware may cause genuine cuts, cracks, removal and smashing wounds. Moatari-Kazerouni and Chinniah (2015) contended that the referenced two dangers can be preventive if the laborers know the best possible method. In this manner, the laborers need appropriate preparing for the self-insurance. In addition, the authority ought to have the peril anticipation game plans for the laborers. The things should be dried before utilizing those things with the hot oil. The laborers need to ensure that they handle pots and the skillet, which don't move out from the ovens. They can utilize the dry garments during dealing with the hot articles. Zhang, Kandampully, and Choi (2014) referenced that to lessen the wounds from the unguarded hardware, the laborers need to check if all gatekeepers are set up before utilizing. The laborers need to check the guidelines of the makes before the types of gear for the security reason. () contended that the old types of gear ought to be supplanted by the new protected types of gear. Tricky floor is another danger of the word related wellbeing and security risks. The laborers may slip and subsequently, it might cause crack, breakdown of hip or leg bone. The laborers can utilize the non-slip foot products and keep the floor clean and water free. Grawitch, Ballard, and Erb (2015) proposed that elastic tangle can be utilized on the floor to maintain a strategic distance from the perils because of elusive floor. The laborers in the neighborliness business need to work with the blades and sharp types of gear. They have to know the utilization of the sharp supplies to stay away from the cut and wounds that may cause by utilizing the sharp blades. To evade the issues by utilizing the sharp blades, the laborers can utilize cutting board. They need preparing with the goal that they can utilize the correct blade for the specific employments. They should know during utilizing the blades, for example, cutting vegetables, washing sharp types of gear (Model Work Health and Safety Act - Safe Work Australia., 2012). The laborers can utilize the individual defensive supplies like synthetic safe gloves, work gloves, expendable waterproof glove, non-tricky foot products, and wellbeing glasses and face shield (Tompa, et al., 2016). The substance safe gloves can be utilized during taking care of and cleaning the synthetic concoctions. The laborers can utilize the hand gloves during trash taking care of, working in the capacity zones and doing finishing. The expendable waterproof gloves are utilized to clean blood and body liquids. To deal with the cuts and cleaning the operational types of gear, the laborers can utilize the cut-obstruction gloves. The non-tricky foot products can be utilized during working in the kitchen and they can utilize the steel boots during working the finishing types of gear. The wellbeing glasses are utilized for the eye insurance during cooking or taking care of dangerous types of gear. The dangerous synthetic concoctions may sprinkle on face along these lines; the laborers need to utilize the wellbeing face shields and security goggles. Another sort of risks is the biohazards that are cleaning the washrooms, clothing or kitchen. To forestall such perils, Benavides-Velasco, Quintana-Garca, and Marchante-Lara (2014) recommended that the laborers need to utilize the individual defensive types of gear. They can utilize the waterproof sacks to gather the trash of washroom, kitchen and clothing. They have to hold the plastic trash gathering sack a long way from their body. They can utilize covers during cleaning the washroom, kitchen. Taking into account Rahman, Palaneeswaran, Kulkarni, and Zou (2015), work environment brutality is another explanation of the word related wellbeing and security dangers. The laborers ought to be able to comprehend the early indications of savagery and forestall them on the beginning time to diminish the opportunity of dangers. They have to be able to deal with issues and help the clients as fast as could be expected under the circumstances. They have to build up the correspondence expertise and think about the wellbeing and security approaches and enactment. Once in a while, the laborers may confront issues outside the working environment. For instance, during going to the work environment, mishaps may occur on the streets. The laborers should be cautious and have the capacity of taking care of issues by means of solid relational abilities. The laborers need to evaluate the issues first and ought to have appropriate preparing to deal with the hazard factors (Jones, Jones, Hillier, H illier, Comfort, Comfort, 2016). It is the obligation of the position to organize instructional meetings for the laborers and diminish the dangers of the wellbeing and security perils in working environment. Another issue of the cordiality business laborers might be the ill-advised reservation of the representative and client information. They have to follow the Data Protection Act to evade the contention with clients. This will assist with lessening the viciousness in the working environment. The Work Healthy and Safety Act (2011) give the structure to securing the government assistance, wellbeing and security of the laborers at the working environment. It assists with ensuring the wellbeing and security of everybody working in the working environment including the representatives, subcontractors, temporary workers, outworkers, understudies and learners, volunteers and managers. In any case, the work wellbeing and security act attempts to ensure general society, who might be influenced by the work environment risks (Schubauer-Berigan, Dahm, Schulte, Hodson, Geraci, 2015). The work wellbeing and security act sets out the necessities of following: The warning of occurrences Laborers with meeting Goals of issues The capacities and reviewer power Punishments and offenses From the data sheet of the Australian and different Standards gives regular direction to the obligation holders on the Australian and different Standards. This will manage the laborers to associate with the model of Work Health and Safety Act and the Work Health and Safety Regulations. This may cover the meaning of Standard; accommodate of Standard, WHS laws with the codes of training. The model of Work Health and Safety Act structures the premise of work wellbeing and Safety act. It has been applied in the most locales in Australia. In any case, () referenced that the Parliament of the ward needs to pass the work sound and security act to have the proficient and viable purview. This model will assist the laborers with maintaining the sound and prosperity way of life. There are some standard industry practice of wellbeing and security. The laborers need to comply with the code of training. The standard business practice of wellbeing and security assists with characterizing the security and wellbeing needs and insurances, which is appropriate to the administration, managers, produces and the representatives (Work Health and Safety Act 2011, 2012). This standard industry practice centers around counteraction of the working environment viciousness and the unfriendly outcome. The code plan to serve the fundamental reference instruments to invigorate improvement of supplies in local, sectoral, national, hierarchical and work environment level. This code helps the guide the businesses for adjusting the positive methodologies to deal with the incapacity related issues in working environment. In light of the above conversation, it tends to be inferred that the word related wellbeing and security assumes significant job in the advancement of the accommodation business. To diminish the issues with respect to wellbeing and security in the working environment of friendliness the board, the specialist need to know different thing. For instance, they have to know the controlling of dangers and improvement of wellbeing plan, review of working environment, preparing of the representatives, examination of the occurrences. The Work Health and Safety Act (2011) assumes significant job to show the laborers the protected procedure to work in the working environment. They can utilize the individual anticipation types of gear for the self insurance and maintain a strategic distance from the wellbeing perils. The Work Health and Safety enactment model can assist the laborers with maintaining the solid and prosperity way of life. The standard business practice of wellbeing and security as sists with characterizing the security and wellbeing needs and insurances. References Ariza-Montes, An., Arjona-Fuentes, J. M., Law, R., Han, H. (2017). Frequency of working environment tormenting among friendliness representatives. Global Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management . Benavides-Velasco, C. A., Quintana-Garca, C., Marchante-Lara, M. (2014). Complete quality administration, corporate social obligation and execution in the

Tips for Raising a Child With ADHD as a Single Parent

Tips for Raising a Child With ADHD as a Single Parent ADHD Parenting Print Raising Your Child With ADHD as a Single Parent By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Updated on February 04, 2020 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Liam Norris / Taxi / Getty Images Symptoms of ADHD can create stress in any family, but for a family with two parents, there is an additional layer of support that may be missing in a single-parent home. Unfortunately, sometimes single parents can begin to feel isolated and alone as stress around parenting issues increases. As a result, parents may end up feeling drained both emotionally and physically. Below are some tips to help you head off and prevent these burnt-out feelings. Identify Stressors Identify the stressors in your life. Then, do what you can to limit or avoid them. Say no when you can, to avoid feeling overwhelmed. Of course, there will be stressful situations that cannot be avoided. In these cases, it often helps to focus on positive ways to cope and respond to the stress â€" taking a deep breath and delaying your response so you don’t react in an impulsive way, practicing relaxation techniques like progressive muscle relaxation or meditation, engaging in activities that help alleviate your stress level like exercise, and using other positive outlets like talking it out with a supportive friend. Get Support Right off the bat, it is important for you to identify avenues of support including family members, friends, local support groups, online support forums, and regular babysitters. Create Routines and Clear House Rules Get routines in place and stick to them in order to provide both you and your children with more predictability from day to day. Children with ADHD do best in settings with clear, consistent expectations. Talk with your children about the house rules. Together come up with consequences for behaviors. If your child’s other parent is involved, try to work together with him or her to maintain consistency across both home settings. This way things feel a bit more predictable during visits to the other parent’s home. If there are tensions between you and your ex, you may want to meet together with your child’s doctor to come up with a healthy plan you both can support. Regular Family Meetings Set up regular weekly family meetings with your children. Structure this time so that it has a specific agenda to be discussed. Encourage your children to have input in creating the agenda. Establish clear rules so that each child has an opportunity to talk (without interruptions) during the meeting and so that the meetings remain productive and solution-focused. Central Family Calendar Use a large master calendar for the family and hang it in a central location like the kitchen. Write all events such as appointments, school functions, and birthdays on the calendar. You can even color-code it to each individual family member. To-Do Lists Make “to-do” lists for each day. Be careful not to over-schedule your time with too many “to-dos.” Allow extra time for unplanned interruptions. Agree on Chores Single parents may find themselves doing all the daily chores around the household, but it can be a positive experience for your children to share in the daily chores at home. Not only can this process help teach your children practical skills; it also helps a child develop responsibilities and positive work habits. It may take more energy and work on your part early on, but as the tasks become more familiar and routine to your child you may begin to feel less overwhelmed by all the things that need to get done. Special One-On-One Time It might feel difficult to find time to fit one more thing during your busy days especially when you are feeling drained and tired, but regular one-on-one time with each of your children can be a big help in recharging your parent-child relationship and reconnecting with the children in positive ways. This special together time is especially important for children with ADHD who may often find themselves involved in negative interactions that can affect feelings of self-esteem. Don’t Forget “Me” Time Try to set aside regular downtime in the day for just you. Many single parents find themselves neglecting this essential component of self-care. It is so important that you have time alone to do things you enjoy. It may be regular times to exercise, read, write, or just contemplate things. When you regularly practice self-care, you will be more refreshed, healthier, and better able to handle difficult situations. Be Aware of the Genetic Link to ADHD ADHD does tend to run in families. If a child in the family has ADHD, there is a 30% to 40% chance that one of the two parents will have ADHD. Untreated ADHD can make it difficult to parent effectively, especially as a single parent with ADHD. The untreated ADHD symptoms can make it more difficult to be consistent, maintain schedules and keep organized. If you have any concerns, you may have ADHD and it is impairing your parenting and other areas in your life, talk to your doctor right away. How to Live Your Best Life When You Have ADHD

Top Ten Online Tools to Improve Your SAT Writing Score

There are tons of great resources out there as you study for the SAT! The SAT Writing section can be difficult to study for—especially the essay section. Here are tons of online tools you can use to set you on that road to your ideal score! 1) Writer’s Digest Writer’s Digest has tons of great articles with loads of valuable writing tips. It even has a â€Å"2nd Draft Critique Workshop†Ã¢â‚¬â€editing services which give you feedback on your writing. Though this service has a price, it can be great if you’re looking for some constructive criticism. It also has writing tutorials, free webinars, and a great community where you can submit questions. Though much of the website is geared more towards fiction writers, it is still a valuable resource for anyone looking to hone their prose. 2) The American Scholar What better way to improve your writing than to read good writing? The American Scholar contains tons of amazing articles, academic essays, and fiction writing. If you expose yourself regularly to quality writing, then some of it will ultimately sink in. This doesn’t have to come in the form of this one website, either! Try browsing through other academic journals or top newspapers like The New Yorker or the Los Angeles Times. 3) Grammar Book This website is basically God’s creation. It is beautiful. It contains basically every grammar rule and even covers punctuation! It contains free online quizzes for those of you who need help with the nitty-gritty rules. You know it’s reliable because the author of the website, Jane Straus, has even published a #1 bestselling book: The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation. 4) Grammarly What! Another grammar website?! Why, yes! You can never have enough grammar when it comes to the SAT Writing section. This website is a proofreader. It checks for all your grammatical errors, and it’s really pretty neat.This can really come in handy if you’re practicing writing essays and want grammatical suggestions on your writing. Just copy and paste your essay into the text box..and voila! Automatic feedback is generated. 5) Grammar Girl YET ANOTHER GRAMMAR SITE! All of these sites, however, have something a little different to offer, so I do not regret it. Grammar Girl has tons of awesome articles on grammar, but they’re written in a very easy-to-understand, fun way. In comparison to Grammar Book, Grammar Girl is a bit less formal. 6) Paper Rater Paper Rater, well. rates your papers! Like Grammarly, this is a great way to get feedback on your writing. It’s free and provides writing suggestions, while also checking for grammar and plagiarism. How much better can this get?! 7) MIT OpenCourseWare MIT has some great online writing courses for free! Explore rhetoric, expository writing, general essay-writing, and much, much more all under top professors. The website format makes it easy to access course materials and reading. And in your free time, you can also explore all the other courses, which range from mathematics to business to the social sciences. 8) OWL Purdue Okay, so I snuck another grammar website on to the list. This one’s absolute gold, though. Teachers love this resource, so chances are, you’ve already happened upon this one in your English class. â€Å"OWL† stands for â€Å"Online Writing Lab,† and it houses tons of writing resources and lessons covering punctuation, grammar, rhetoric, essay-writing, etc. It even has tons of â€Å"vidcasts†Ã¢â‚¬â€dozens of videos covering lessons in an easy-to-understand manner. 9) Udemy Writing Course This particular course on Udemy has over 200 ratings and an overall 5-star score. Udemy has tons of awesome courses, and this one in particular seems like a great one for writing. Though it costs money, it can be a worthwhile investment. Taught by Cathy Presland, an experienced author and entrepreneur, the course contains over 19 lectures in 1.5 hours of material. Though a lot of the material here is geared more towards fiction writers, it is still very relevant to essay writers. After all, good writing—no matter the topic—often traces back to quality storytelling. A lot of the writing rules covered are universal. 10) WordPress The best way to improve as a writer is to write a lot. It sounds obvious, but â€Å"practice makes perfect† is a platitude many people overlook. A great way to start practicing your writing regularly is by starting a blog. You don’t have to be a brilliant writer to start one, and it can be a lot of fun, especially if you gather a following. You’ll be gradually improving your writing even while it seems like nothing more than a fun hobby. WordPress is the most popular blogging/website platform on the internet, and it has a great community. Try it out!

Chart of the U.S. Presidents and Vice Presidents

The first line of Article II Section 1 of the US Constitution states, The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. With these words, the office of the president was established. Since 1789 and the election of George Washington, Americas first president, 44 individuals have served as the Chief Executive of the United States. However, Grover Cleveland served two nonconsecutive terms which means that the next president of the United States will be number 46. The unamended Constitution mandated that a president would serve for four years. However, nowhere did it state if there was to be a limit on the number of terms to which they could be elected. However, President Washington set a precedent of only serving two terms which was followed until November 5, 1940 when Franklin Roosevelt was elected for a third term. He would go on to win a fourth before dying in office. The twenty-second amendment was passed soon afterward that would limit presidents to only serving two terms or ten years.   This chart includes the names of all presidents of the United States, as well as links to their biographies. Also included are the names of their vicepresidents, their political party and terms in office. You might also be interested in reading about what presidents are on the bills  of US currency.   Chart of the Presidents and Vice-Presidents PRESIDENT VICE-PRESIDENT POLITICAL PARTY TERM George Washington John Adams No Party Designation 1789-1797 John Adams Thomas Jefferson Federalist 1797-1801 Thomas Jefferson Aaron BurrGeorge Clinton Democratic-Republican 1801-1809 James Madison George ClintonElbridge Gerry Democratic-Republican 1809-1817 James Monroe Daniel D Tompkins Democratic-Republican 1817-1825 John Quincy Adams John C Calhoun Democratic-Republican 1825-1829 Andrew Jackson John C CalhounMartin Van Buren Democratic 1829-1837 Martin Van Buren Richard M. Johnson Democratic 1837-1841 William Henry Harrison John Tyler Whig 1841 John Tyler None Whig 1841-1845 James Knox Polk George M Dallas Democratic 1845-1849 Zachary Taylor Millard Fillmore Whig 1849-1850 Millard Fillmore None Whig 1850-1853 Franklin Pierce William R King Democratic 1853-1857 James Buchanan John C Breckinridge Democratic 1857-1861 Abraham Lincoln Hannibel HamlinAndrew Johnson Union 1861-1865 Andrew Johnson None Union 1865-1869 Ulysses Simpson Grant Schuyler ColfaxHenry Wilson Republican 1869-1877 Rutherford Birchard Hayes William A Wheeler Republican 1877-1881 James Abram Garfield Chester Alan Arthur Republican 1881 Chester Alan Arthur None Republican 1881-1885 Stephen Grover Cleveland Thomas Hendricks Democratic 1885-1889 Benjamin Harrison Levi P Morton Republican 1889-1893 Stephen Grover Cleveland Adlai E Stevenson Democratic 1893-1897 William McKinley Garret A. HobartTheodore Roosevelt Republican 1897-1901 Theodore Roosevelt Charles W Fairbanks Republican 1901-1909 William Howard Taft James S Sherman Republican 1909-1913 Woodrow Wilson Thomas R Marshall Democratic 1913-1921 Warren Gamaliel Harding Calvin Coolidge Republican 1921-1923 Calvin Coolidge Charles G Dawes Republican 1923-1929 Herbert Clark Hoover Charles Curtis Republican 1929-1933 Franklin Delano Roosevelt John Nance GarnerHenry A. WallaceHarry S. Truman Democratic 1933-1945 Harry S. Truman Alben W Barkley Democratic 1945-1953 Dwight David Eisenhower Richard Milhous Nixon Republican 1953-1961 John Fitzgerald Kennedy Lyndon Baines Johnson Democratic 1961-1963 Lyndon Baines Johnson Hubert Horatio Humphrey Democratic 1963-1969 Richard Milhous Nixon Spiro T. AgnewGerald Rudolph Ford Republican 1969-1974 Gerald Rudolph Ford Nelson Rockefeller Republican 1974-1977 James Earl Carter, Jr. Walter Mondale Democratic 1977-1981 Ronald Wilson Reagan George Herbert Walker Bush Republican 1981-1989 George Herbert Walker Bush J. Danforth Quayle Republican 1989-1993 William Jefferson Clinton Albert Gore, Jr. Democratic 1993-2001 George Walker Bush Richard Cheney Republican 2001-2009 Barack Obama Joe Biden Democratic 2009-2017 Donald Trump Mike Pence Republican 2017 -

Romantic Love in Marie de France’s Poem, Lanval Essay

Romantic Love in Marie de France’s Poem, Lanval In her poem Lanval, Marie de France shares a fantasy with her readers, telling the tale of a mysterious woman who journeys from a distant land to be with Lanval, a dishonored knight of King Arthurs Round Table. Maries portrayal sets Lanvals mistress apart from the maidens and ladies in waiting at King Arthurs court, as she eclipses even Queen Guenever. Much like an editor of a modern womans fashion magazine, Marie targets her audience of mostly aristocratic twelfth-century women. She describes a mysterious lady whose retinue, meadow pavilion, clothing, figure, cultured sentiments, deportment, and conduct depict her as a superior being. Lanvals mistress is a model Maries readers†¦show more content†¦She wraps her female sexual fantasy of Guenevers humiliation around a womans perception of a male masturbatory fantasy. A handsome, dejected knight withdraws to a forest meadow next to a stream to reflect on his ill fortune. When he wakes from a nap, two lovely maidens take him to a fabulous pavilion where he spends the afternoon making love to the most beautiful woman on earth who loves him more than anything (116). Moreover, his generous lover provides him with a dowry of inexhaustible means and the opportunity to have her whenever he wishes, knowing he will circumscribe his pleasures to discrete circumstances. Maries lai reflects twelfth-century feminine tastes. The supernatural ladys love for Lanval transcends the romantic love of Maries 12th century, the courtly love of a bachelor knight and his patrons wife, ascending above Queen Guenevers communal desire for the generous and courtly (232) Lanval. In typical romantic chivalric fashion, Guenever falls for Lanval, much like she fell in love with Arthur when he helped her father defeat the King of Ireland. With three of her ladies, she admires from the sculpted window (237) of a tower a group of thirty knights taking their pastime in the garden below. Admiration turns to desire, a contagious romantic emotion. She and thirty maidens, the loveliest and most refined, (244) descend into the garden to take their delight with the knights. Breaking the rules of courtly love,Show MoreRelatedAspects Of The Arthurian Romance In Sir Gawain And The Green Knight1335 Words   |  6 PagesRomantic works of the Arthurian age have existed over a number of eons tracing back to quite a number of languages nat ive to the writers that immortalized the tales, this including Welsh, English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Dutch and Scandinavian. Medieval romance is defined by the ideals that stood out from the tales including the romance, honor, loyalty and the moral authority as well as it explicated the social order which left a lot to be desired of the position of feminism in the societyRead MoreThe True Language Of Love1782 Words   |  8 PagesThe True Language of Love When reading early British texts, readers often notice that two main themes are recurring within the stories and poems of the time. These themes are love and religion; both of these were important within the culture. However, the readers may not realize that the language used in describing the two different themes is not different at all. In fact, the language of love and the language of religion are very similar, especially in medieval texts. Two texts that provide anRead MoreThe Influence of the Supernatural on Courtly Conduct, Christianity, and Chivalry in Lanval and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2424 Words   |  10 PagesDecember 1, 2010 The Influence of the Supernatural on Courtly Conduct, Christianity, and Chivalry in Lanval and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the world of medieval literature the supernatural is a consistent theme, presented in extraordinary encounters, mysterious experiences and with magical objects such as potions, spells, and the prominent image of the green girdle of Lord Bertilak de Hautdesert’s wife in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Magic and the supernatural is seen as the drivingRead MoreCourtly Love and Mediieval Romance7340 Words   |  30 PagesIntroduction The familiarity with the love tradition makes it easily mistakable for a natural and universal phenomenon and even brings a laxity of enquiring into its origins. However, it is difficult of not impossible to show love to be anything more than an artistic phenomenon or construct- a literary per formative innovation of Middle Ages. Courtly love  was a  medieval European  formation of nobly, and  politely expressing love and admiration.  Courtly love was secret and between members of the  nobility

Architecture in Russia, a Photo-Historic Journey

All Schools Should Teach Sex Education Programs - 962 Words

All Schools Should Teach Sex Education Programs Young children have curious minds to many things, and even though they are told â€Å"no† or to â€Å"stay away†, they tend to act on that curiosity. This also applies to sex. Kids see it on the television, hear it in music, see it on the Internet and start asking about it. Some parents believe that teaching a Sex Education program should just consist of abstinence and nothing more, due to the belief that exposing young children to sexual activity would encourage them engage in sex, however, this clearly is not the case. Research has proven that Sex Ed. Programs that include not only abstinence, but many other factors that consist with sex have reduced the rate of young children conceiving children and contracting a Sexual Transmitted Disease (STD). Many parents get uncomfortable when their children mention sex to them, and when they do, they give them the â€Å"birds and the bees† speech in hopes it will educate their child. And schools? Schools lecture about abstinence, abroad spectrum of protected sex, and STD’s. But nothing much about the understanding of SEX, how it could occur, knowing how to say no, and being comfortable about their sexuality. This is why there should be a federal law for schools to teach Sex Education as early as fifth grade to high school. Having a Sex Education class will analyze the depths of Sex Ed. programs, educate children on STDs, inform them of the possible result after sexual intercourse, and give them theShow MoreRelatedSex Education in Schools657 Words   |  3 PagesSex Education in Schools Nineteen-fifty five marked the debut of sex education programs in schools in the United States. Along the years, many have argued whether or not sex education should be taught in schools. 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What if a teenager had an unplanned pregnancy? Do they know their options about abortion or adoption or keeping the baby? Will young adults know the results of their choices? Sexual education teaches all of the following, and kids in the curriculum are more likely to defend themselves in a plot when they were approached by a stranger (â€Å"TeachingRead MoreShould Sex Education Be Taught?1226 Words   |  5 PagesShould sex education be taught to young adults in school? This has been a major controversial topic for many years amongst parents, teachers, and other community members. Their biggest concern is that it teaches students that it is okay to have sex at a young age and think that the program shows them how sexual intercourse is done. Although, this is not the intent of the class, like some may think. They tend to believe that abstinence-only programs should be taught in schools . Allowing sexual education

Multi-National Corporate Rewards Program Free Essays

Multi-National Corporation Rewards Program Tammy Engel CTU Online MGM336 March 19, 2012 Professor Moutaz Abou-Robieh Abstract Designing a rewards program that will be an attraction for new employees and a reason to stay for existing staff can be difficult for any corporation, but is made even more so when the company becomes international. There are several factors that influence employee motivation and these may be affected by culture, environment, socio-economics, and politics. A study of the motivating factors for employees located in the United States, France, and Japan will be presented, along with effective leadership characteristics for those respective locations. We will write a custom essay sample on Multi-National Corporate Rewards Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now A preliminary rewards program for each division of the company will also be presented. Multi-National Corporation Rewards Program A rewards program or benefits package is always a large part of an employee’s decision to apply with, accept, or keep a job with any organization. The program must hold appeal to the employee and be appropriate for the location, especially if the company is a multi-national organization. Some benefits may not work in other countries, for example employee recognition in America usually consists of singling an individual out for kudos, while in Japan this type of recognition would be extremely uncomfortable for the employee. Influencing factors for the creation of appropriate rewards programs for our multi-national corporation (MNC) will be discussed. These will include employee motivation factors and successful leadership characteristics. Understanding Motivation There are several internal and external factors that can motivate an individual. There have been many studies by psychologists that focus on these factors including Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, the ERG theory, the motivator-hygiene/intrinsic-extrinsic need theory, and the achievement theory. There is one overriding problem with all of these theories; they are based on Western European and the United States and therefore may not be applicable to employees that are not from these locations. Even within these areas there will be some variation in the motivational factors for any employee. Since these theories do offer some valuable insight into the psyche of two-thirds of our MNC, we will discuss their implications. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is based on the premise that an individual’s needs are grouped into five main categories; these categories are contingent upon one another in that Maslow believed the one could not move on to achieving or being motivated by the next category of needs until the previous ones had been met. Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, Motivating and Leading across Borders and Cultures392, 2009) These categories are physiological needs such as food, shelter, and health; safety needs – shelter and security; belonging needs, feeling part of a group, love; esteem needs such as self-esteem and the respect of others; and finally self-actualization needs which would indicate achieving one’s ultimate potential. Similar to Maslow†™s hierarchy is the ERG theory developed by Clayton Alderfer. The ERG theory classifies needs into three intertwined categories; existence needs (think physiological and safety needs), relatedness needs (similar to belonging and respect needs), and growth needs (this relates to self-esteem and self-actualization). Other theories categorize these needs differently, but all are very similar. While there is some credence to these theories, as stated there is one overriding problem: they are based on an Eastern European/American individual. There may be some applicability to the employees of our MNC from North American, less applicability for those from France, and little applicability to our Japanese staff. All of these theories are based upon higher order needs such as individual achievement, self-actualization, and affiliation. Individuals from the Japanese division may be more concerned with lower order needs such as safety, security, and physical comforts. Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, Motivating and Leading across Borders and Cultures392, 2009) Other theories are based on process theories rather than psychological aspects of behavior. One such theory is called the expectancy theory. This concept states that employees are motivated by expectations from management, linking behaviors with outcomes, and basing behavior on a reward system. The equity theory is similar to this in that employees will attempt to balance their work behavior according to what they see others do (or not do). Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, Motivating and Leading across Borders and Cultures392, 2009) There are three norms associated with this theory: the norm of equity, the norm of need, and the norm of equality. This theory is especially applicable to our American division. Another aspect of motivating employees is the relationship between managers and their respective employees. These individuals must be able to work closely to formulate realistic goals for the employees based on the clear communication of the company’s mission and vision. Application of Motivational Theories As stated, our managers need to be very careful about how the motivate our employees based upon the physical location of the employee, the cultural background of the individual, and the other intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may influence that employees behavior. Employees located in more individualistic countries such as America and France will be more motivated by intrinsic factors and self-actualization needs. These individuals are more concerned with equitable treatment as compared to earning similar pay for similar work. Other appealing rewards or benefits may include paid time off, insurance, and consistent salary increases. These individuals will be concerned with the comforts that the work environment has to offer including roomy office spaces; comfortable break rooms; amenities like gyms, lunch service, and childcare; these employees value their individualism and will appreciate being publically recognized for a job well done. Conversely, our Japanese employees will be more concerned with extrinsic and basic safety/physiological needs. Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, Motivating and Leading across Borders and Cultures392, 2009) These individuals value family and loyalty. Many generations of a family live together, so they may not feel that childcare is a worthy benefit as they have family available to take care of children or elderly relatives. Culturally Appropriate Reward Programs The rewards programs for our company will consist of a base package that will be appropriate and applicable to all divisio ns. Salary will be based on experience and company subsidized insurance will be available. Recognition awards for milestone achievement will be given to our American and French employees at monthly staff meetings, while these same types of awards will be given to our Japanese employees privately and with little fanfare, respecting their privacy. Working environments will be clean and meet the highest safety standards available for all branches. Individuals will be provided access to all managerial staff along with some appropriate autonomy depending upon position and duties. Employees will also be strongly encourages to participate in a team culture within the workplace, with an emphasis on collaboration and cohesion. Each employee will be provided a generous allotment of paid time off; this will be highly valued by each division. (Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, International Human Resources Management, 2009) Employees in France will be allowed the use of company owned vacation property. The US division will be provided with company subsidized legal and financial aid, while the Japanese employees will be given a monthly family allowance based upon the number of individuals in their family. These additional benefits are specific to location and monetarily equivalent between divisions. Leadership Types Each division will be led by individuals carefully chosen from the native locale. This will help to ensure that communication is clear and precise and that cultural moires are familiar and followed. All managers will be required to cross-train across continents so that they are aware of and familiar with the workings of each respective division. Our American managers will be specifically chosen for their abilities to set goals, interpersonal skills, and proven leadership history. The French management staff will be chosen for similar characteristics. The Japanese leadership will be chosen for proven leadership roles and ability to be available to the employees as well as to promote a team atmosphere. Our leaders will be encouraged to set clear goals for our employees and to meet individually with employees directly under them to communicate these goals. Upper management will be encouraging staff under them to be innovative and to communicate those ideas throughout the business. While magnetism and charm will draw employees to a management figure in the US and France, this characteristic is not appropriate in Japan. (Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, International Human Resources Management, 2009) Another characteristic that should be inherent in our managers is the ability to promote workplace and task pride. This is an important factor for motivating all employees, regardless of the location. Leaders should be trustworthy and possess excellent communication skills, good team building capabilities, and exceptional bargaining abilities. Conclusion It is extremely important to evaluate several aspects of the environment and culture prior to entering into a business relationship with any international location. This is especially important when the culture that you are entering is unique and unfamiliar to you and your company. Many factors can affect how employees from these varied locations will work and how they are motivated to work; careful study of these can help to increase the likelihood of success for your business. Most importantly, hiring good leadership to oversee these areas is vital. Good leaders will help to promote and build the existing business, encourage cohesion among employees and divisions, and will be able to successfully communicate the prevailing mission of the business. References Phatak, A. V. , Bhagat, R. S. , Kashlak, R. J. (2009). International Human Resources Management. In A. V. Phatak, R. S. Bhagat, R. J. Kashlak, International Management: Managing in a Diverse and Dynamic Global Environment (Second ed. , pp. 436-468). Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Phatak, A. V. , Bhagat, R. S. , Kashlak, R. J. (2009). Motivating and Leading across Borders and Cultures392. In A. V. Phatak, R. S. Bhagat, R. J. Kashlak, International Management: Managing in a diverse and Dynamic Global Environment (Second ed. , pp. 392-435). Boston: McGraw-Hill. How to cite Multi-National Corporate Rewards Program, Essay examples

The True Meaning of Success Essay Example For Students

The True Meaning of Success Essay Success means many things to different people. For some, its the amount of money or material things they have acquired, and for others, the happiness of family, friends, a church community, and good health. You first need to know what success means to you, before you can have a plan at achieving that success. Achievement is not being in what others consider to be the most prestigious position; the personal obstacles you overcome measure Success. Whether it is poverty, disability, overcoming adversity, or racial discrimination, success is personal progress. Booker T. Washington thought that by approaching things differently in a more passive manner, the African American would have more success in achieving the end result of equality in jobs, education, and basic rights. He asked black Americans to give up three things: political power, insistence on civil rights and demanding higher education for Negro youth. He strived to make the Negro a businessman and business owner. He insisted on self-respect, but counseled on silent submission to civic inferiority to achieve the final goal. I am in agreement for peacefully working toward equality, and what an individual defines as success. However, I have a hard time feeling like one should be willing to give up basic rights, even temporarily for the greater result. Modern day slaves are an example of how little some things have changed, and how different types of injustices plague America. The Hispanic people, like the African Americans, have endured much discrimination. They are another example of a race that has worked as domestic help and laborers for little money, and in very inferior conditions. Flor Molina is a woman from Mexico who was lured to the states, with promises of a better life for her children. Instead she became a slave for a factory owner. She worked long hours, and subjected to physical abuse. She escaped one day and contacted the Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking. Even in 2013 people in desperate need of money to care for their families, fall into the hands of those abusing them to produce much work, for very little pay and no health benefits. Human trafficking is another example of how people are exploited for money. There are numerous stories of young women in search of jobs to help their family financially, that are taken advantage of by those hoping to get rich by selling them or having them work as prostitutes. These young girls view success as food, shelter, and safety for their families, but instead get humiliation, physical, mental and sexual abuse. Success in my family has been the accomplishment of a generation of all aunts and uncles with either a bachelors degree or masters degree. Cousins have graduated from higher learning institutions’ such as UT Austin and Texas AM University. The professionals in the family now include family nurse practitioners, engineers, computer science majors, and many more. Success for me is measured in the many sacrifices made by generations before me, such as my grandma who worked as a maid to provide her children an education in America. This opportunity allowed their children, and now me an opportunity at success and happiness, which is measured by the comfort of a home, food, clothing and family. Booker T. Washington claimed he wanted equality for the black, but did not fight for the rights the 14 amendment provided. He stated African Americans should accept social segregation as long as the white man allowed them economic progress, educational opportunities, and justice in the courts. Is it success to attain partial acceptance as an equal? I cannot agree with this. W. E. B. Du Bois was angered at Mr. Washington’s belief that blacks were only suited for vocational training. As a young woman my mother experienced this kind of discrimination. .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .postImageUrl , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:hover , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:visited , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:active { border:0!important; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:active , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Health Maintenance Organizations EssayShe spoke to her high school counselor about her desire to pursue a nursing career. The counselor proceeded to encourage her to maybe try and be a nurse aide or LVN, instead of on an RN. Despite her ranking in the top five percent of her class, she was not encouraged to pursue the highest degree possible. Was race the reason? That is why it was the hard work, as maids, gardeners, field hands and laborers that my ancestors endured that define true success for me. I come from a family of honest, hardworking people that strive and meet goals. Few of them have a three-figure salary, but some do. It is the family’s integrity and hard work that the community knows, and that defines the Leal and the Garcia families a success. We do not settle for mediocrity. My mom chose to pursue her master’s degree and show people she was smart enough. Had she allowed someone’s lack of confidence in her to limit her goals, she would not be a professional today. Therefore, the maids, the gardeners, the field workers and laborers in my family are the success stories that encourage me to work hard and not settle for less.

Management at J.C. Penney Company, Inc

Introduction J. C. Penney Company Inc., (JCP) like other chain of companies in the US, has a history of changing its management strategy to suit the growing demand for good governance (Nafziger, 2012). JCP deals in clothing lines and retail business in various countries of investment. Its position in Texas provides it with an opportunity to serve the suburban community and other metropolises around the world. With over 11, 000 stores across US States, JCP sold its merchandise through personal selling.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Management at J.C. Penney Company, Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In 2013, the company indicated interest in Seattle’s Best Coffee and Portrait Studios. This explains its business strategy that focuses on a variety of products and services for people through the numerous convenient stores distributed in the country (Talley, 2012). Since the 1960’s, JCP has used a s imilar management style until the 21st century when it realized the importance of incorporating technology in the new democratic style of management. This paper intends to explain the company’s management style including the advertising technique that helps it achieve a competitive advantage. Changes in J.C. Penney’s Management Style Management strategies have direct impacts on organizational performances since inception. JCP incorporated different management styles owing to the changing consumer environment. Two most common strategies adapted by the company include: Acquisitions and Expansion Since 1960, the company acquired The Treasury outlets, but JCP experienced losses by the end of 1962. This involved an agreement between JCP and a General Merchandise Company that offered the company the stores it needed during the period. Within the same period, JCP extensively accessed about 10 stores through a Milwaukee acquisition contract. This provided the company with an o pportunity to venture into the market in Alaska and other states in the US. Besides these acquisitions, JCP equally purchased Supermarkets Interstate. Normally, an independent organization rarely involves the managing director actively in most house businesses. This enables it to grow even in the absence of the founder. At JCP, it was impossible to operate since 1971 following the death of JC Penny (James Cash). For 30 minutes, all stores across the US closed down in honor of JC’s departure. Instead of accruing losses, the company made huge profits since most suppliers and clients paid tribute to the founder of JCP.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Two years later, the company used its profits to increase the number of stores by over 2000. The company’s lack of autonomy ensured that the top management made most decisions. It was difficult to project future outco mes of an action unless an employee had close relations with the top managers. In 1974, the company faced huge losses because of the inflation. Democratic management styles enable people to share ideas in order to avoid the effects of natural occurrences such as inflation. However, this could not happen at JCP. Online Retail In the early 19th century, JCP began direct marketing by merchandizing its products through the internet. Globalization made it easy for JCP to acquire customers and mergers through the internet. It used this platform to sell shops to established brand names, such as Firestone. Its Viewtron Videotex catalog helped the company to acquire new stores and to market its products. The JCPenney National Bank allowed customers to use credit and debit cards for withdrawal and deposits. These automated cards had the company’s name making it possible for JCP to reach out to many clients through virtual techniques (Nelson, 2005). It had to reduce the number of stores it opened for automotive purposes. Instead, it directed most people to the online portal. The innovative transition displayed JCP’s change strategy. The company reduced dependence on the founder because of his demise. It adapted a new management style that would help it in increasing profits while it remained competitive. Current Management Style JCP’s current management style focuses on e-commerce, endorsement of celebrities for adverts, and diplomacy in business operations. Myron Ullman, the current CEO, uses technology to enhance interpersonal skills. He seeks to improve a management environment created by his predecessor, Ron Johnson. Its website (JCPenneyBrands.com) creates easy accessibility to products and services making information flow fast and effectively (Hellriegel Slocum, 2007). JCP recognizes the efforts of different designers in their clothing industry. This boosts their self-esteem while motivating them to improve. JCP managers realized that democrat ic leadership was essential for team building and collective growth of the company. A change in strategy began in 2007 when the management sought to introduce innovative and interactive strategies of communicating with clients. The company expected to increase its profit margins after introducing Ron Johnson from Apple Inc. According to experts, the CEO did not offer a guarantee for success in a company that dealt in completely different products and services from Apple Inc. Opinion JCP’s current management strategy includes generation of creative ideas for overall organizational development. However, it uses radical measures including the ability to lay-off workers and reduction of store acquisition.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Management at J.C. Penney Company, Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Even though these strategies contribute towards profitability, they reflect the opinions of the top man agement. There is a high possibility that JCP will experience a similar style of management as the era of JS Penny. The CEO seeks to make a general overhaul in the company by assuming the status of a â€Å"start up† organization. Senior Management’s Role Senior managers at JCP including the CFO, CEO, and the creative designer often encourage people to make popular decisions. Ron Johnson played a significant role in transforming the organization from a catalog-based retailer to an internet retailer. According to the CEO, each employee needs to be responsible for his/ her actions within the company. The senior managers ensure that employees develop innovative ideas, which the senior team approves. Johnson has the ability to approve the release of company annual reports. This explains why the senior manager laid-off 600 workers in 2013. Johnson equally supports establishment of virtual stores through the internet. In 2012, the company managed to freeze 100 shops and trans formed their business transactions to online techniques (Nafziger, 2012). Today, clients consult the company online platform; they make orders, get shipment, and pay through JCP MasterCard. The transition cost the company many resources, acquisition of a CEO with a successful record from Apple, and loss of stores and workers. In essence, it was not a seamless process and JC’s senior staff had to endure many challenges between 2012 and 2013. Among the decisions made by Johnson, change of designs and pricing strategies took precedence. Even as the transition became a success, employees and clients sought for Johnson’s retirement following the radical strategies he used to change the management of the company. This led to a forceful eviction from the company in 2013. It led to a reinstatement of former CEO, Myron Ullman (Talley, 2012). Celebrity Endorsements During marketing, creative designers sometimes use celebrities since they have the ability to create credibility th rough their charisma. In 2008, JCP used Ralph Lauren Kimora Lee Simmons to brand position the new clothing line for men and children. The two had a significant impact on sales and expansions for JCP. Kimora Lee provided professional advice to consumers and this contributed to one the highest annual sales of Decree and Fabulosity clothing lines. By the end of 2012, the company profit margins increased to 32.5% (Nafziger, 2012). Celebrities have a natural allure for the audiences they command. Similarly, they are likely to influence sales when used for advertising, or selling. There are several avenues of sales promotion, which Johnson never explored. Instead, he concentrated on innovation, and Ullman has the duty to restore the company image, which he initially created during his tenure.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Innovation JCP needs to implement an automated communication system that makes it easy for customers and employees to exchange ideas. Previous innovative strategies failed since the over ambitious Johnson rarely included employees in rational decision-making procedures. Through video-conferencing and virtual messaging, employers and employees will know all activities in the company and contribute towards its collective development. Instead of laying-off workers, the company will employ competent graduates who will increase organizational performance through technological assistance (Talley, 2012). JCP needs to redeem its brand image by increasing the number of employees and enhancing effective communication with clients. Adaptation JCP displays inability to make a rational decision when choosing organizational leaders. It changes its management strategies quickly and makes it difficult for employees to adapt to a single style of management (Nelson, 2005). The continued alteration of CEO’s delays the achievement of organizational goals, and this affects pricing in the company. After reinstating Ullman, JCP should not interfere with his leadership until 3-5 years elapse. Normally, most organizational strategies function for 3 to 5 years making it impossible to replace the CEO even when he/she has a poor management style. References Hellriegel, D., Slocum, J. W. (2007). Organizational behavior. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Nafziger, E. W. (2012). Economic development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Nelson, B. (2005). The Management Bible. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Talley, K. (2012, April 5). J.C. Penney Trims Headquarters Staff. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/ This essay on Management at J.C. Penney Company, Inc was written and submitted by user Curt Conners to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Capital Punishment Essays (538 words) - Human Rights, Penology

Capital Punishment Essays (538 words) - Human Rights, Penology Capital Punishment I once saw a bumper sticker that read, Why do we kill people, who kill people, to show that killing is wrong? Suddenly I thought about what I had read. I am against the death penalty as a solution to crime. Capital punishment is a sign of a deep sickness in our civilization. Execution is an act of violence, but you cannot use violence to end violence. The death penalty is not an effective way to punish a criminal. It is used by the powerful to pretend that violent crime is under control, and being disposed of, but in reality the death penalty disposes of the poor, the uneducated, and the minorities in the world. Even states that use the death penalty seem to have a higher number of homicides than states that do not use it. Capital punishment has never been shown to eliminate crime more effectively than other punishments. If the death penalty isnt lowering the murder rate then why waste the taxpayers money? It cost more to put a prisoner to death with any method than it does to keep them incarcerated. Our justice system shouldnt just execute the criminal, they should also make his life miserable. Prisons should supply the bare necessities and nothing else. One solution is to eliminate televisions, libraries, gyms and basketball courts. Even though our prisons need to toughen up, I do give them credit for taking away a criminals freedom. Many family members want to see the offenders dead. The families emotions are understandable, but death is not a solution. The victims family has to suffer for a lifetime, so why shouldnt the murderer suffer too? Another problem is the chance or executing an innocent person. The executed prisoner cannot be given another chance. In the last hundred years there have been more that seventy-five documented cases of wrongful convictions in criminal homicide cases. One example is Walter McMillian who was released from Alabamas death row after having spent six years there because of perjured testimony and withheld evidence that indicated his innocence. He was convicted of the shooting death of a storekeeper. On the day of the murder he was at a fish fry with his friends and relatives, many of whom testified to this at his trial. No physical evidence linked him to the crime, but three people who testified at his trial connected him to the murder. Only sheer luck saved Walter McMillian. After listening to a tape recording of a key witnesses testimony against McMillian, a volunteer lawyer flipped the tape to see if there was anything on the other side. Only then did he hear the same witness complaining that he was being pressured to frame McMillian. With that fourutious break, the whole case against McMillian began to fall apart. All three prosecution witnesses recanted their testimony. On March 3, 1993, the County District Attorney joined the defense in a motion to dismiss the charges. Walter McMillian was finally freed. There are many other cases of mistaken conviction and execution that occur and remain undocumented. An innocent person can be freed, but neither release or compensation is possible for a corpse. If a man is truly a murder, the thought of execution will not stop him from committing murder. So if capital punishment is not lowering the murder rate, is more expensive, and being alive is more of a punishment than being dead, then why not abolish the death penalty?

USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) in World War II

USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) in World War II An Essex-class aircraft carrier, USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) entered service in 1943. Joining the US Pacific Fleet, it supported Allied efforts during the island-hopping campaign across the Pacific. On May 11, 1945, Bunker Hill was severely damaged by two kamikazes while operating off Okinawa. Returning to the United States for repairs, the carrier would largely be inactive for the remainder of its career. A New Design Conceived in the 1920s and early 1930s, the US Navys Lexington- and Yorktown-class aircraft carriers were designed to conform to the restrictions set forth by the Washington Naval Treaty. This pact placed limitations on the tonnage of various types of warships as well as capped each signatorys overall tonnage. These types of restrictions were affirmed through the 1930 London Naval Treaty. As global tensions escalated, Japan and Italy left the treaty structure in 1936. With the failure of the treaty system, the US Navy began creating a design for a new, larger class of aircraft carrier and one which used the experience gained from the Yorktown-class. The resulting vessel was wider and longer as well as incorporated a deck-edge elevator system. This had been employed earlier on USS Wasp (CV-7). The new class would typically carry an air group of 36 fighters, 36 dive bombers, and 18 torpedo planes. This included the F6F Hellcats, SB2C Helldivers, and TBF Avengers. In addition to possessing a larger air group, the class featured a greatly enhanced anti-aircraft armament. Construction Designated the Essex-class, the lead ship, USS Essex (CV-9), was laid down in April 1941. This was followed by several additional carriers including USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) which was laid down at the Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, MA on September 15, 1941 and named for the Battle of Bunker Hill fought during the American Revolution. Work on Bunker Hills hull continued into 1942 following the United States entry into World War II. Bunker Hill slid down the ways on December 7 of that year, on the anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor. Mrs. Donald Boynton served as sponsor. Pressing to complete the carrier, Fore River finished the vessel in the spring of 1943. Commissioned on May 24, Bunker Hill entered service with Captain J.J. Ballentine in command. After concluding trials and shakedown cruises, the carrier departed for Pearl Harbor where it joined Admiral Chester W. Nimitzs US Pacific Fleet. Sent west, it was assigned to Rear Admiral Alfred Montgomerys Task Force 50.3. USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) - Overview Nation: United StatesType: Aircraft CarrierShipyard: Bethlehem Steel Company, Quincy, MALaid Down: September 15, 1941Launched: December 7, 1942Commissioned: May 24, 1943Fate: Scrapped Specifications Displacement: 27,100 tonsLength: 872 ft.Beam: 147 ft., 6 in.Draft: 28 ft., 5 in.Propulsion: 8 Ãâ€" boilers, 4 Ãâ€" Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 4 Ãâ€" shaftsSpeed: 33 knotsRange: 20,000 nautical miles at 15 knotsComplement: 2,600 men Armament 4 Ãâ€" twin 5 inch 38 caliber guns4 Ãâ€" single 5 inch 38 caliber guns8 Ãâ€" quadruple 40 mm 56 caliber guns46 Ãâ€" single 20 mm 78 caliber guns Aircraft 90-100 aircraft In the Pacific On November 11, Admiral William Bull Halsey directed TF 50.3 to join with Task Force 38 for a combined strike on the Japanese base at Rabaul. Launching from the Solomon Sea, aircraft from Bunker Hill, Essex, and USS Independence (CVL-22) hit their targets and defeated a Japanese counterattack which resulted in the loss 35 enemy aircraft. With the conclusion of operations against Rabaul, Bunker Hill steamed to the Gilbert Islands to provide cover for the invasion of Tarawa. As Allied forces began moving against the Bismarcks, the carrier shifted to that area and conducted strikes against Kavieng on New Ireland. Bunker Hill followed these efforts with attacks in the Marshall Islands to support the invasion of Kwajalein in January-February 1944. With the capture of the island, the ship joined with other American carriers for a massive raid on Truk in late February. Overseen by Rear Admiral Marc Mitscher, the attack resulted in the sinking of seven Japanese warships as well as several other vessels. Serving in Mitschers Fast Carrier Task Force, Bunker Hill next conducted attacks on Guam, Tinian, and Saipan in the Marianas before hitting targets in the Palau Islands on March 31 and April 1. Battle of the Philippine Sea After providing cover for General Douglas MacArthurs landings at Hollandia, New Guinea in late April, Bunker Hills aircraft conducted a series of raids in the Caroline Islands. Steaming north, the Fast Carrier Task Force began attacks in support of the Allied invasion of Saipan. Operating near the Marianas, Bunker Hill took part in the Battle of the Philippine Sea on June 19-20. On the first day of the fighting, the carrier was struck by a Japanese bomb which killed two and wounded eighty. Remaining operational, Bunker Hills aircraft contributed to the Allied victory which saw the Japanese lose three carriers and around 600 aircraft. Later Operations In September 1944, Bunker Hill struck targets in the Western Carolines before mounting a series of attacks on Luzon, Formosa, and Okinawa. With the conclusion of these operations, the carrier received orders to depart the war zone for an overhaul at Bremerton Naval Shipyard. Reaching Washington, Bunker Hill entered the yard and underwent routine maintenance as well as had its anti-aircraft defenses enhanced. Departing on January 24, 1945, it steamed west and rejoined Mitschers forces for operations in the Western Pacific. After covering the landings on Iwo Jima in February, Bunker Hill took part in raids against the Japanese home islands. In March, the carrier and its consorts shifted southwest to aid in the Battle of Okinawa. Steaming off the island on April 7, Bunker Hills aircraft took part in defeating Operation Ten-Go and aided in sinking the battleship Yamato. While cruising near Okinawa on May 11, Bunker Hill was hit by a pair of A6M Zero kamikazes. These caused several explosions and gasoline fires which began to consume the ship and killed 346 sailors. Working valiantly, Bunker Hills damage control parties were able to bring the fires under control and save the ship. Badly crippled, the carrier departed Okinawa and returned to Bremerton for repairs. Arriving, Bunker Hill was still in the yard when the war ended in August. Final Years Putting to sea in September, Bunker Hill served in Operation Magic Carpet which worked to return American servicemen home from overseas. Deactivated in January 1946, the carrier remained at Bremerton and was decommissioned on January 9, 1947. Though reclassified several times over the next two decades, Bunker Hill was kept in reserve. Removed from the Naval Vessel Register in November 1966, the carrier saw use as a stationary electronics test platform at Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego until being sold for scrap in 1973. Along with USS Franklin (CV-13), which was also badly damaged late in the war, Bunker Hill was one of two Essex-class carriers that saw no active service with the postwar US Navy.

Employee relations and engagement Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words - 2

Employee relations and engagement - Coursework Example Some firms have even structured their systems to allow the employees co-own the companies they work for and participate in their day-to-day management activities This has proved to be a plus in the attempts to improve employees’ performance. This report analyses the situation of Waitrose; a branch of the John Lewis Partnership. This study found out that Waitrose is a company that is dear to Employment Engagement (EE) and Employee Relations (ER). It was found out that Waitrose uses three basic practices to meet this demand: employee-partner system, creating low-level employee involvement and enabled communication systems. It is recommended that the company replaces its data survey system, select, hire and train managers who are passionate about employee engagement. Lastly, it was suggested that the company should develop assessment and evaluation frameworks for monitoring employee engagement. The human resource is among the key stakeholders that companies are keen on enhancing their welfare so they may perform highly towards the growth of the company. With increased research and studies, businesses are now enlightened on the importance of promoting and maintaining healthy and positive employees’ relations and engagement. Systems have been aligned to ensure that each and every employee within the organisation can efficiently interact, communicate and coordinate with others. The overall culture has also been modified to synchronise with the management’s pursuit to promote effective engagement and relations amongst workers. According to Bakker and Leiter (2010: 101), organisations are more likely to succeed and prosper if the coordination and engagement amongst their workers are enhanced. Working in an enabling environment motivates employees to deliver their best performance for the prosperity of the company. However, to promote these relations and engagement s amongst employees, various frameworks and procedures must be put in place to guide