Chart of the U.S. Presidents and Vice Presidents

The first line of Article II Section 1 of the US Constitution states, The executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. With these words, the office of the president was established. Since 1789 and the election of George Washington, Americas first president, 44 individuals have served as the Chief Executive of the United States. However, Grover Cleveland served two nonconsecutive terms which means that the next president of the United States will be number 46. The unamended Constitution mandated that a president would serve for four years. However, nowhere did it state if there was to be a limit on the number of terms to which they could be elected. However, President Washington set a precedent of only serving two terms which was followed until November 5, 1940 when Franklin Roosevelt was elected for a third term. He would go on to win a fourth before dying in office. The twenty-second amendment was passed soon afterward that would limit presidents to only serving two terms or ten years.   This chart includes the names of all presidents of the United States, as well as links to their biographies. Also included are the names of their vicepresidents, their political party and terms in office. You might also be interested in reading about what presidents are on the bills  of US currency.   Chart of the Presidents and Vice-Presidents PRESIDENT VICE-PRESIDENT POLITICAL PARTY TERM George Washington John Adams No Party Designation 1789-1797 John Adams Thomas Jefferson Federalist 1797-1801 Thomas Jefferson Aaron BurrGeorge Clinton Democratic-Republican 1801-1809 James Madison George ClintonElbridge Gerry Democratic-Republican 1809-1817 James Monroe Daniel D Tompkins Democratic-Republican 1817-1825 John Quincy Adams John C Calhoun Democratic-Republican 1825-1829 Andrew Jackson John C CalhounMartin Van Buren Democratic 1829-1837 Martin Van Buren Richard M. Johnson Democratic 1837-1841 William Henry Harrison John Tyler Whig 1841 John Tyler None Whig 1841-1845 James Knox Polk George M Dallas Democratic 1845-1849 Zachary Taylor Millard Fillmore Whig 1849-1850 Millard Fillmore None Whig 1850-1853 Franklin Pierce William R King Democratic 1853-1857 James Buchanan John C Breckinridge Democratic 1857-1861 Abraham Lincoln Hannibel HamlinAndrew Johnson Union 1861-1865 Andrew Johnson None Union 1865-1869 Ulysses Simpson Grant Schuyler ColfaxHenry Wilson Republican 1869-1877 Rutherford Birchard Hayes William A Wheeler Republican 1877-1881 James Abram Garfield Chester Alan Arthur Republican 1881 Chester Alan Arthur None Republican 1881-1885 Stephen Grover Cleveland Thomas Hendricks Democratic 1885-1889 Benjamin Harrison Levi P Morton Republican 1889-1893 Stephen Grover Cleveland Adlai E Stevenson Democratic 1893-1897 William McKinley Garret A. HobartTheodore Roosevelt Republican 1897-1901 Theodore Roosevelt Charles W Fairbanks Republican 1901-1909 William Howard Taft James S Sherman Republican 1909-1913 Woodrow Wilson Thomas R Marshall Democratic 1913-1921 Warren Gamaliel Harding Calvin Coolidge Republican 1921-1923 Calvin Coolidge Charles G Dawes Republican 1923-1929 Herbert Clark Hoover Charles Curtis Republican 1929-1933 Franklin Delano Roosevelt John Nance GarnerHenry A. WallaceHarry S. Truman Democratic 1933-1945 Harry S. Truman Alben W Barkley Democratic 1945-1953 Dwight David Eisenhower Richard Milhous Nixon Republican 1953-1961 John Fitzgerald Kennedy Lyndon Baines Johnson Democratic 1961-1963 Lyndon Baines Johnson Hubert Horatio Humphrey Democratic 1963-1969 Richard Milhous Nixon Spiro T. AgnewGerald Rudolph Ford Republican 1969-1974 Gerald Rudolph Ford Nelson Rockefeller Republican 1974-1977 James Earl Carter, Jr. Walter Mondale Democratic 1977-1981 Ronald Wilson Reagan George Herbert Walker Bush Republican 1981-1989 George Herbert Walker Bush J. Danforth Quayle Republican 1989-1993 William Jefferson Clinton Albert Gore, Jr. Democratic 1993-2001 George Walker Bush Richard Cheney Republican 2001-2009 Barack Obama Joe Biden Democratic 2009-2017 Donald Trump Mike Pence Republican 2017 -

Romantic Love in Marie de France’s Poem, Lanval Essay

Romantic Love in Marie de France’s Poem, Lanval In her poem Lanval, Marie de France shares a fantasy with her readers, telling the tale of a mysterious woman who journeys from a distant land to be with Lanval, a dishonored knight of King Arthurs Round Table. Maries portrayal sets Lanvals mistress apart from the maidens and ladies in waiting at King Arthurs court, as she eclipses even Queen Guenever. Much like an editor of a modern womans fashion magazine, Marie targets her audience of mostly aristocratic twelfth-century women. She describes a mysterious lady whose retinue, meadow pavilion, clothing, figure, cultured sentiments, deportment, and conduct depict her as a superior being. Lanvals mistress is a model Maries readers†¦show more content†¦She wraps her female sexual fantasy of Guenevers humiliation around a womans perception of a male masturbatory fantasy. A handsome, dejected knight withdraws to a forest meadow next to a stream to reflect on his ill fortune. When he wakes from a nap, two lovely maidens take him to a fabulous pavilion where he spends the afternoon making love to the most beautiful woman on earth who loves him more than anything (116). Moreover, his generous lover provides him with a dowry of inexhaustible means and the opportunity to have her whenever he wishes, knowing he will circumscribe his pleasures to discrete circumstances. Maries lai reflects twelfth-century feminine tastes. The supernatural ladys love for Lanval transcends the romantic love of Maries 12th century, the courtly love of a bachelor knight and his patrons wife, ascending above Queen Guenevers communal desire for the generous and courtly (232) Lanval. In typical romantic chivalric fashion, Guenever falls for Lanval, much like she fell in love with Arthur when he helped her father defeat the King of Ireland. With three of her ladies, she admires from the sculpted window (237) of a tower a group of thirty knights taking their pastime in the garden below. Admiration turns to desire, a contagious romantic emotion. She and thirty maidens, the loveliest and most refined, (244) descend into the garden to take their delight with the knights. Breaking the rules of courtly love,Show MoreRelatedAspects Of The Arthurian Romance In Sir Gawain And The Green Knight1335 Words   |  6 PagesRomantic works of the Arthurian age have existed over a number of eons tracing back to quite a number of languages nat ive to the writers that immortalized the tales, this including Welsh, English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Dutch and Scandinavian. Medieval romance is defined by the ideals that stood out from the tales including the romance, honor, loyalty and the moral authority as well as it explicated the social order which left a lot to be desired of the position of feminism in the societyRead MoreThe True Language Of Love1782 Words   |  8 PagesThe True Language of Love When reading early British texts, readers often notice that two main themes are recurring within the stories and poems of the time. These themes are love and religion; both of these were important within the culture. However, the readers may not realize that the language used in describing the two different themes is not different at all. In fact, the language of love and the language of religion are very similar, especially in medieval texts. Two texts that provide anRead MoreThe Influence of the Supernatural on Courtly Conduct, Christianity, and Chivalry in Lanval and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2424 Words   |  10 PagesDecember 1, 2010 The Influence of the Supernatural on Courtly Conduct, Christianity, and Chivalry in Lanval and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the world of medieval literature the supernatural is a consistent theme, presented in extraordinary encounters, mysterious experiences and with magical objects such as potions, spells, and the prominent image of the green girdle of Lord Bertilak de Hautdesert’s wife in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Magic and the supernatural is seen as the drivingRead MoreCourtly Love and Mediieval Romance7340 Words   |  30 PagesIntroduction The familiarity with the love tradition makes it easily mistakable for a natural and universal phenomenon and even brings a laxity of enquiring into its origins. However, it is difficult of not impossible to show love to be anything more than an artistic phenomenon or construct- a literary per formative innovation of Middle Ages. Courtly love  was a  medieval European  formation of nobly, and  politely expressing love and admiration.  Courtly love was secret and between members of the  nobility

Architecture in Russia, a Photo-Historic Journey

All Schools Should Teach Sex Education Programs - 962 Words

All Schools Should Teach Sex Education Programs Young children have curious minds to many things, and even though they are told â€Å"no† or to â€Å"stay away†, they tend to act on that curiosity. This also applies to sex. Kids see it on the television, hear it in music, see it on the Internet and start asking about it. Some parents believe that teaching a Sex Education program should just consist of abstinence and nothing more, due to the belief that exposing young children to sexual activity would encourage them engage in sex, however, this clearly is not the case. Research has proven that Sex Ed. Programs that include not only abstinence, but many other factors that consist with sex have reduced the rate of young children conceiving children and contracting a Sexual Transmitted Disease (STD). Many parents get uncomfortable when their children mention sex to them, and when they do, they give them the â€Å"birds and the bees† speech in hopes it will educate their child. And schools? Schools lecture about abstinence, abroad spectrum of protected sex, and STD’s. But nothing much about the understanding of SEX, how it could occur, knowing how to say no, and being comfortable about their sexuality. This is why there should be a federal law for schools to teach Sex Education as early as fifth grade to high school. Having a Sex Education class will analyze the depths of Sex Ed. programs, educate children on STDs, inform them of the possible result after sexual intercourse, and give them theShow MoreRelatedSex Education in Schools657 Words   |  3 PagesSex Education in Schools Nineteen-fifty five marked the debut of sex education programs in schools in the United States. Along the years, many have argued whether or not sex education should be taught in schools. 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What if a teenager had an unplanned pregnancy? Do they know their options about abortion or adoption or keeping the baby? Will young adults know the results of their choices? Sexual education teaches all of the following, and kids in the curriculum are more likely to defend themselves in a plot when they were approached by a stranger (â€Å"TeachingRead MoreShould Sex Education Be Taught?1226 Words   |  5 PagesShould sex education be taught to young adults in school? This has been a major controversial topic for many years amongst parents, teachers, and other community members. Their biggest concern is that it teaches students that it is okay to have sex at a young age and think that the program shows them how sexual intercourse is done. Although, this is not the intent of the class, like some may think. They tend to believe that abstinence-only programs should be taught in schools . Allowing sexual education

Multi-National Corporate Rewards Program Free Essays

Multi-National Corporation Rewards Program Tammy Engel CTU Online MGM336 March 19, 2012 Professor Moutaz Abou-Robieh Abstract Designing a rewards program that will be an attraction for new employees and a reason to stay for existing staff can be difficult for any corporation, but is made even more so when the company becomes international. There are several factors that influence employee motivation and these may be affected by culture, environment, socio-economics, and politics. A study of the motivating factors for employees located in the United States, France, and Japan will be presented, along with effective leadership characteristics for those respective locations. We will write a custom essay sample on Multi-National Corporate Rewards Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now A preliminary rewards program for each division of the company will also be presented. Multi-National Corporation Rewards Program A rewards program or benefits package is always a large part of an employee’s decision to apply with, accept, or keep a job with any organization. The program must hold appeal to the employee and be appropriate for the location, especially if the company is a multi-national organization. Some benefits may not work in other countries, for example employee recognition in America usually consists of singling an individual out for kudos, while in Japan this type of recognition would be extremely uncomfortable for the employee. Influencing factors for the creation of appropriate rewards programs for our multi-national corporation (MNC) will be discussed. These will include employee motivation factors and successful leadership characteristics. Understanding Motivation There are several internal and external factors that can motivate an individual. There have been many studies by psychologists that focus on these factors including Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, the ERG theory, the motivator-hygiene/intrinsic-extrinsic need theory, and the achievement theory. There is one overriding problem with all of these theories; they are based on Western European and the United States and therefore may not be applicable to employees that are not from these locations. Even within these areas there will be some variation in the motivational factors for any employee. Since these theories do offer some valuable insight into the psyche of two-thirds of our MNC, we will discuss their implications. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is based on the premise that an individual’s needs are grouped into five main categories; these categories are contingent upon one another in that Maslow believed the one could not move on to achieving or being motivated by the next category of needs until the previous ones had been met. Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, Motivating and Leading across Borders and Cultures392, 2009) These categories are physiological needs such as food, shelter, and health; safety needs – shelter and security; belonging needs, feeling part of a group, love; esteem needs such as self-esteem and the respect of others; and finally self-actualization needs which would indicate achieving one’s ultimate potential. Similar to Maslow†™s hierarchy is the ERG theory developed by Clayton Alderfer. The ERG theory classifies needs into three intertwined categories; existence needs (think physiological and safety needs), relatedness needs (similar to belonging and respect needs), and growth needs (this relates to self-esteem and self-actualization). Other theories categorize these needs differently, but all are very similar. While there is some credence to these theories, as stated there is one overriding problem: they are based on an Eastern European/American individual. There may be some applicability to the employees of our MNC from North American, less applicability for those from France, and little applicability to our Japanese staff. All of these theories are based upon higher order needs such as individual achievement, self-actualization, and affiliation. Individuals from the Japanese division may be more concerned with lower order needs such as safety, security, and physical comforts. Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, Motivating and Leading across Borders and Cultures392, 2009) Other theories are based on process theories rather than psychological aspects of behavior. One such theory is called the expectancy theory. This concept states that employees are motivated by expectations from management, linking behaviors with outcomes, and basing behavior on a reward system. The equity theory is similar to this in that employees will attempt to balance their work behavior according to what they see others do (or not do). Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, Motivating and Leading across Borders and Cultures392, 2009) There are three norms associated with this theory: the norm of equity, the norm of need, and the norm of equality. This theory is especially applicable to our American division. Another aspect of motivating employees is the relationship between managers and their respective employees. These individuals must be able to work closely to formulate realistic goals for the employees based on the clear communication of the company’s mission and vision. Application of Motivational Theories As stated, our managers need to be very careful about how the motivate our employees based upon the physical location of the employee, the cultural background of the individual, and the other intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may influence that employees behavior. Employees located in more individualistic countries such as America and France will be more motivated by intrinsic factors and self-actualization needs. These individuals are more concerned with equitable treatment as compared to earning similar pay for similar work. Other appealing rewards or benefits may include paid time off, insurance, and consistent salary increases. These individuals will be concerned with the comforts that the work environment has to offer including roomy office spaces; comfortable break rooms; amenities like gyms, lunch service, and childcare; these employees value their individualism and will appreciate being publically recognized for a job well done. Conversely, our Japanese employees will be more concerned with extrinsic and basic safety/physiological needs. Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, Motivating and Leading across Borders and Cultures392, 2009) These individuals value family and loyalty. Many generations of a family live together, so they may not feel that childcare is a worthy benefit as they have family available to take care of children or elderly relatives. Culturally Appropriate Reward Programs The rewards programs for our company will consist of a base package that will be appropriate and applicable to all divisio ns. Salary will be based on experience and company subsidized insurance will be available. Recognition awards for milestone achievement will be given to our American and French employees at monthly staff meetings, while these same types of awards will be given to our Japanese employees privately and with little fanfare, respecting their privacy. Working environments will be clean and meet the highest safety standards available for all branches. Individuals will be provided access to all managerial staff along with some appropriate autonomy depending upon position and duties. Employees will also be strongly encourages to participate in a team culture within the workplace, with an emphasis on collaboration and cohesion. Each employee will be provided a generous allotment of paid time off; this will be highly valued by each division. (Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, International Human Resources Management, 2009) Employees in France will be allowed the use of company owned vacation property. The US division will be provided with company subsidized legal and financial aid, while the Japanese employees will be given a monthly family allowance based upon the number of individuals in their family. These additional benefits are specific to location and monetarily equivalent between divisions. Leadership Types Each division will be led by individuals carefully chosen from the native locale. This will help to ensure that communication is clear and precise and that cultural moires are familiar and followed. All managers will be required to cross-train across continents so that they are aware of and familiar with the workings of each respective division. Our American managers will be specifically chosen for their abilities to set goals, interpersonal skills, and proven leadership history. The French management staff will be chosen for similar characteristics. The Japanese leadership will be chosen for proven leadership roles and ability to be available to the employees as well as to promote a team atmosphere. Our leaders will be encouraged to set clear goals for our employees and to meet individually with employees directly under them to communicate these goals. Upper management will be encouraging staff under them to be innovative and to communicate those ideas throughout the business. While magnetism and charm will draw employees to a management figure in the US and France, this characteristic is not appropriate in Japan. (Phatak, Bhagat, Kashlak, International Human Resources Management, 2009) Another characteristic that should be inherent in our managers is the ability to promote workplace and task pride. This is an important factor for motivating all employees, regardless of the location. Leaders should be trustworthy and possess excellent communication skills, good team building capabilities, and exceptional bargaining abilities. Conclusion It is extremely important to evaluate several aspects of the environment and culture prior to entering into a business relationship with any international location. This is especially important when the culture that you are entering is unique and unfamiliar to you and your company. Many factors can affect how employees from these varied locations will work and how they are motivated to work; careful study of these can help to increase the likelihood of success for your business. Most importantly, hiring good leadership to oversee these areas is vital. Good leaders will help to promote and build the existing business, encourage cohesion among employees and divisions, and will be able to successfully communicate the prevailing mission of the business. References Phatak, A. V. , Bhagat, R. S. , Kashlak, R. J. (2009). International Human Resources Management. In A. V. Phatak, R. S. Bhagat, R. J. Kashlak, International Management: Managing in a Diverse and Dynamic Global Environment (Second ed. , pp. 436-468). Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Phatak, A. V. , Bhagat, R. S. , Kashlak, R. J. (2009). Motivating and Leading across Borders and Cultures392. In A. V. Phatak, R. S. Bhagat, R. J. Kashlak, International Management: Managing in a diverse and Dynamic Global Environment (Second ed. , pp. 392-435). Boston: McGraw-Hill. How to cite Multi-National Corporate Rewards Program, Essay examples

The True Meaning of Success Essay Example For Students

The True Meaning of Success Essay Success means many things to different people. For some, its the amount of money or material things they have acquired, and for others, the happiness of family, friends, a church community, and good health. You first need to know what success means to you, before you can have a plan at achieving that success. Achievement is not being in what others consider to be the most prestigious position; the personal obstacles you overcome measure Success. Whether it is poverty, disability, overcoming adversity, or racial discrimination, success is personal progress. Booker T. Washington thought that by approaching things differently in a more passive manner, the African American would have more success in achieving the end result of equality in jobs, education, and basic rights. He asked black Americans to give up three things: political power, insistence on civil rights and demanding higher education for Negro youth. He strived to make the Negro a businessman and business owner. He insisted on self-respect, but counseled on silent submission to civic inferiority to achieve the final goal. I am in agreement for peacefully working toward equality, and what an individual defines as success. However, I have a hard time feeling like one should be willing to give up basic rights, even temporarily for the greater result. Modern day slaves are an example of how little some things have changed, and how different types of injustices plague America. The Hispanic people, like the African Americans, have endured much discrimination. They are another example of a race that has worked as domestic help and laborers for little money, and in very inferior conditions. Flor Molina is a woman from Mexico who was lured to the states, with promises of a better life for her children. Instead she became a slave for a factory owner. She worked long hours, and subjected to physical abuse. She escaped one day and contacted the Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking. Even in 2013 people in desperate need of money to care for their families, fall into the hands of those abusing them to produce much work, for very little pay and no health benefits. Human trafficking is another example of how people are exploited for money. There are numerous stories of young women in search of jobs to help their family financially, that are taken advantage of by those hoping to get rich by selling them or having them work as prostitutes. These young girls view success as food, shelter, and safety for their families, but instead get humiliation, physical, mental and sexual abuse. Success in my family has been the accomplishment of a generation of all aunts and uncles with either a bachelors degree or masters degree. Cousins have graduated from higher learning institutions’ such as UT Austin and Texas AM University. The professionals in the family now include family nurse practitioners, engineers, computer science majors, and many more. Success for me is measured in the many sacrifices made by generations before me, such as my grandma who worked as a maid to provide her children an education in America. This opportunity allowed their children, and now me an opportunity at success and happiness, which is measured by the comfort of a home, food, clothing and family. Booker T. Washington claimed he wanted equality for the black, but did not fight for the rights the 14 amendment provided. He stated African Americans should accept social segregation as long as the white man allowed them economic progress, educational opportunities, and justice in the courts. Is it success to attain partial acceptance as an equal? I cannot agree with this. W. E. B. Du Bois was angered at Mr. Washington’s belief that blacks were only suited for vocational training. As a young woman my mother experienced this kind of discrimination. .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .postImageUrl , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:hover , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:visited , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:active { border:0!important; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:active , .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2d27669770dde1a134a0366235aec98d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Health Maintenance Organizations EssayShe spoke to her high school counselor about her desire to pursue a nursing career. The counselor proceeded to encourage her to maybe try and be a nurse aide or LVN, instead of on an RN. Despite her ranking in the top five percent of her class, she was not encouraged to pursue the highest degree possible. Was race the reason? That is why it was the hard work, as maids, gardeners, field hands and laborers that my ancestors endured that define true success for me. I come from a family of honest, hardworking people that strive and meet goals. Few of them have a three-figure salary, but some do. It is the family’s integrity and hard work that the community knows, and that defines the Leal and the Garcia families a success. We do not settle for mediocrity. My mom chose to pursue her master’s degree and show people she was smart enough. Had she allowed someone’s lack of confidence in her to limit her goals, she would not be a professional today. Therefore, the maids, the gardeners, the field workers and laborers in my family are the success stories that encourage me to work hard and not settle for less.